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(2017) highlight and discuss the usefulness of assessing HRV at the onset, during, and immediately following the cessation of exercise to provide insight into autonomic stress reactivity. Doing so, provides implications for clinical, research, and performance-related exercise testing and monitoring. As measures of HR, HRR, and HRV have clear associations with cardiovascular health, a better understanding of RR intervals following various exercises and exercise intensities during the acute recovery phase (RR rec) is needed within the literature. While changes in HR and traditional indices of HRR can provide important information about differences in cardiac autonomic control, heart rate variability (HRV) has been shown to offer a more sensitive measure of cardiac autonomic regulation at rest ( Task-Force, 1996) and during exercise ( Karapetian et al., 2008) compared to a mean HR value. Several studies have shown that impairment in autonomic function-represented by delayed HRR-indicates adverse cardiovascular outcomes in otherwise healthy individuals ( Qiu et al., 2017 Lachman et al., 2018). Historically, the response of heart rate (HR) and heart rate recovery (HRR) to- or following- a perturbation, has been commonly utilized within research and clinical settings as a non-invasive physiological measure of cardiovascular regulation. The residual-method provided a significantly ( p = 0.04) lower mean standard error (MSE) (0.064 ± 0.042) compared to the differencing-method (0.100 ± 0.033).Ĭonclusions: Complexity analysis of RR rec provides unique information about cardiac autonomic regulation immediately following the cessation of exercise when compared to traditional measures of HRR and both HRrest and VO2peak influence these results. SampEn diff and SampEn res were correlated with VO 2p eak but not HR rest or HRR. Results: VO 2p eak and HR rest were significantly correlated with traditional measures of HRR and the variability surrounding RR rec. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tested for differences in these indices for each of the methodological approaches, controlling for race, body fat, peak oxygen uptake (VO 2p eak), and resting HR (HR rest). The standard deviation of the normal interval (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD), root mean square (RMS) of the residual of regression, and sample entropy (SampEn) were calculated.
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The first 5 min of RR rec were (1) analyzed with previously reported methods that use 3-interval lengths for comparison and (2) detrended using both differencing (diff) and polynomial regression (res). Methods: RR-intervals were collected throughout maximal treadmill exercise and recovery in young adults ( n = 92). Purpose: Assess the complexity of RR rec and determine what physiologic and demographic information are associated with differences in these indices in young adults. However, the variability and complexity within these trends may provide valuable information about changes in HR dynamics.
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RR-intervals during acute recovery from exercise (RR rec) are commonly excluded from HRV analyses due to issues of non-stationarity.
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Introduction: Resting heart rate (HR rest), heart rate variability (HRV), and HR recovery (HRR) from exercise provide valuable information about cardiac autonomic control.